ROLE AND STRUCTURE OF SECURITY FORCES

Role of security forces in any country is of great importance to maintain rule and law. Strong structure of security forces helps the citizen to live a peaceful and terror free life.

General Khalid Shames Wyen is the Chairman Joint Chief of Staff Committee. LT. General (Retired) Asif Yasin Malik is the Defense Secretary of Pakistan

The Armed Forces of Pakistan

The Armed Forces of Pakistan have traditionally played a distinctive role in the life of the nation. As defenders of the nation's interests in Pakistan's troubled and volatile geopolitical neighborhood, the armed forces are accorded a particularly high status in public opinion.

The Pakistan Armed Forces are the military forces of Pakistan. They are the seventh largest in the world in terms of active troops. The armed forces were formed in 1947 when Pakistan became independent from the British Empire. Since then, the armed forces have played a decisive role in the history of Pakistan.

Pakistan Armed forces have a very well organized welfare system. These welfare organizations like FWO, AWT, NLC, SCO, Fuji Foundation, Shaheen Foundation and Bahria Foundation are not only serving for the retired/serving officers and Jawans, and the families of martyrs and disabled but also provide their services for the entire countrymen like provision of jobs and services to a major number of civilians.

The armed forces comprise three main branches:

1.      The Pakistan Army

2.      The Pakistan Navy

3.      The Pakistan Air Force

The Pakistan Army

Pakistan Army is the largest branch of military and is mainly responsible for protection of the state borders, the security of administered territories and defending the national interests of Pakistan within the framework of its international obligations. Pakistan army is modeled on U.K Armed Force System. 6, 19,000 are full time employees.5, 18,000 are reserved employees. The Pakistani Army hopes to accomplish three things under this strategy.

1.      The enemy is kept off-balance as it will be tied up containing the Pakistani offensive into its territory rather than launching an offensive into Pakistani territory.

2.      The Pakistani Army hopes to contain the fighting on the Indian side of the border so that any collateral or other damage will be suffered by India.

3.      Indian Territory of strategic importance once seized, will give the Pakistani Army a bargaining chip to be used in the aftermath of a ceasefire brought about by international pressure after 3–4 weeks of fighting.

4.      The use of tactical battlefield nuclear missile such as Nasr missile that provide maximal damage against massed troops for extremely limited collateral casualties.

Special Services Group (SSG)

The Special Services Group (SSG) is a well-trained commando regiment/corps of the Pakistan Army. It is an elite special operations force.

Military awards of Pakistan Army are: Nishan-i-Haider, Hilal-i-Jur’at, Sitara-i-Jur’at, and Tamgha-i-Jur’at. Pakistan Army use different weapons for defense and security

Military Intelligence

Military Intelligence is the very efficient part of Pakistan Intelligence circle which is controlled by a Two Star general which directly appointed by Army Chief with the consent of corps commander. It maintains secret bases in other countries to protect the Pakistan interests. The M.I. is currently headed by Army's two-star general, Major-GeneralNaushad Ahmed Kayani. Note: Ranking Structure and Weapons of Pakistan army (see annexure#1-4)

The Pakistan Navy:

The Pakistan Navy is the naval branch of the military of Pakistan. It is responsible for Pakistan's 1,046 kilometer (650 mile) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the defense of important harbors. It operates a wide range of ships ranging from cruisers to destroyers as well as submarines. The Pakistan Navy has around 24,000 active personnel and 5,000 in reserve.

Since 2001, the Pakistan Navy has increased and expanded its operational scope and has been given greater national and international responsibility in countering the threat of sea-based global terrorism, drug smuggling and trafficking issues. Since 2004, Pakistan Navy became a member of the primarily NATO Combined Task Forces CTF-150 and CTF-151. The Navy established Pakistan Marines sometimes in June 1, 1971 by Admiral S.M. Ahsan, but it was decommissioned from its services in 1974 due to its poor production of performance.

The Navy also maintains a paramilitary division which prevents federal navy personnel from acting in a law enforcement capacity. The Maritime Security Agency (MSA) fulfills the law enforcement role in the naval operations, initially the MSA has capacity to conduct search and rescue operations in deep waters of Pakistan.

T4he Special Services Wing

SSW is a well-trained commando regiment/corps of the Pakistan Navy. It is an elite special operations force. Note: The ranking structure of Navy Force is in table: 5, 6 in annexure 2

Navy Intelligence

The Directorate for the Naval Intelligence of Pakistan, abbreviated as NI, is a staff naval corps and naval intelligence directorate of Pakistan Navy, headquartered in Rawalpindi, Punjab. The NI provides warning of war or terrorism from the sea; instructs and trains the Sea Corps. It is mandate and tasked with gathering naval intelligence and providing the information to Pakistan Defense Forces. . 

The Pakistan Air Force

Pakistan Air Force (PAF) is the air arm of the Pakistan Armed Forces and is primarily tasked with the aerial defense of Pakistan with a secondary role to provide air support to the Pakistan Army and the Pakistan Navy. The PAF also has a tertiary role to provide strategic air transport and logistics capability.

The Air Force has about 65,000 active personnel with about 10,000 reserves. The Chief of the Air Staff holds the operational and administrative powers

The PAF currently operates approximately 450 combat aircraft of 4 different types, planned to be reduced to 3 types by 2015. There are around 20 front-line squadrons. Special Service Wing (SSW) is well trained commando division of the Pakistan Air Force.

The PAF today operates

F-16s, F-7PGs, F-7MPs, Mirage- IIIs, JF-17 Thunders, A-5Cs and Mirage-Vs., around 500 to 530 fighters organized in 27 front-line squadrons and 3,000 well-disciplined well trained pilots according to International Obligation which is also helpful for PIA and other friend nations. Note: Ranking Structure and Weapons of Pakistan army (see annexure#7-8)

Air Intelligence

The Directorate for the Air Intelligence of Pakistan, codename AI, is an air force staff corps and chief intelligence directorate of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF). The AI is responsible for the formulation of the aerial intelligence picture, and participates in forging the overall intelligence view as part of the Intelligence Community of Pakistan.

Inter-Services Intelligence

The ISI was established as an independent intelligence service in 1948. in order to strengthen the sharing of military intelligence between the three branches of Pakistan's armed forces in the aftermath of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, which had exposed weaknesses in intelligence gathering, sharing and coordination between the Army, Air Force and Navy.

ISI's headquarters are located in Islamabad and currently the head of the ISI is called the Director General who has to be a serving Lieutenant General in the Pakistan Army i.e. Lieutenant General Zachery-ul-Islam. ISI performs following function:

 1. Collection of information and extraction of intelligence from information. 

 2. ISI obtains information critical to Pakistan's strategic interests. Both overt and covert means are adopted.

 3. Data is sifted through, classified as appropriate, and filed with the assistance of the computer network in ISI's headquarters in GHQ. 

 4.The primary mission of ISI includes aggressive intelligence which comprises espionage, psychological warfare, subversion, sabotage.

 5. ISI plays a significant role in Hot Water War as a whole with Russia, with the assistance of American and Arabian Intelligence Agencies.

Atomic and missile Technology

Atomic Power and Missile Technology is the backbone of Pakistan Defense and Security structure as well as our main and powerful pillar of defense is Atomic Missile System. In Atomic and Missile Technology our weapons are on the level of powerful countries.

 Our Army has much type of missiles with different ranges and carrying out warhead capacities like: 1. Hataf Missile Series (1-5) 

2. Ghori Missiles Series (1-3)

3. Shaheen Missile Series 

4. Babar. 

A notable thing is that our missile range, hitting timing and accuracy on target, warhead capacity is more efficient compare then our neighbour.   

Paramilitary forces

The paramilitary forces of Pakistan consist of various organizations constitutionally charged with safeguarding Pakistan from external and internal threats. Their current strength is approximately over 420,000 personnel. Following are the Paramilitary Forces if Pakistan.

Pakistan National Guard

The National Guard comprises the Mujahid Force, the Janbaz Force and locally recruited militia and is charged with air defense.

Pakistan Rangers

The Rangers are headquartered in Lahore, Punjab and in Karachi, Sindh. These forces have a border security role on the international borders of Punjab and Sindh and perform internal security duties as an extension of the Army.

Frontier Corps

The Frontier Corps, based in Peshawar, KPK and Quetta, Baluchistan is responsible for protecting the western border regions. The force is responsible to both the Ministry of States and Frontier Regions and to Army Headquarters.

Maritime Security Agency

The 2,500-strong Maritime Security Agency, headquartered in Karachi, is a coast guard and is responsible for patrolling Pakistan's territorial waters.

Airport Security Force

Its basic responsibility is safeguarding and protecting Air Force in Pakistan. Note: The Logo and active personnel of Paramilitary Forces (see annexure#9, 10)

Military Academies

The Military Academies Are:

·         Pakistan Military Academy

·         Pakistan Air Force Academy

·         Pakistan Naval Academy

·         Pakistan Maritime Academy

Some other Professional and Technical Military Institutes:

1.       National Defense University 

2. Command and Staff College 

3. PAF Air War College.

4. Pakistan Navy War College.

5. Military College of Engineering.

6. College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering.

7. Army Medical College.

8. Military College of Signals.

9. College of Aeronautical Engineering.

10. College of Flying Training.

11. Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Domestic Suppliers of Weapons

Air weapon complex, HIT, Kahuta Research Lab, Karachi Shipyard, National Defense Complex, Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Pakistan, Ordinance Factories, SATUMA, NDC, IDS

Foreign suppliers

China, USA, France, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Turkey.

Police of Pakistan

The police system of Pakistan is more-than-eighty-year-old police system inherited from the British. It was designed in response to the social and political realities of those times. After independence, the law enforcement in Pakistan is carried out by several police forces. Federal level forces, Regional level forces, Islamabad Capital Police.

 Today, the relationship between police and the citizens has become so dreadful in our country. A citizen and a policeman both have negative attitudes. The attitude of policemen towards their job is very careless. . Note: The ranks and organizational structure of Pakistan Police (see annexure#11, 12)

Overview

The military has assumed political as well as security control of the entire country three times under proclamations of martial law. Indeed, since it became an independent state in 1947, Pakistan has been under military control for much of its existence. In the rule game of world power we should improve our defense efficiency or capacity by establishing good relationships with other countries. We cannot take any risk of fighting with any power, so we should maintain minimum Atomic Power deterrence policy.

Modernization of defense structure is important to remove human errors. Improvement and development of security structure is important because of Terrorism, and threats of Eastern, Western Boarder